Author: Fahd Dameer

November 15, 2024

Is investing in shares halal or haram?

Common Misonception

A common misconception people have is that anything to do with the share market is haram and unethical. People also liken it to gambling.

The truth is, it is permissible when done the correct way, with the right intention of responsible ownership. 

Shares or stocks are a unit of ownership in a particular company.

Buying and selling stocks on the share market with the intention of long term responsible ownership is permissible as long as the company is determined to be halal.  

In the Quran, Allah S.W.T. says that he has made trading, buying and selling lawful. He forbids Riba (usury, interest).

By extrapolating from this verse alone, one can see that investing in the share market is permissible according to the Quran, as it requires the act of buying and selling and follows the principles of profit and loss sharing. 

Islam encourages profit and loss sharing and in the stock market when you buy a share in the company you become a part-owner in the company. 

By this ownership, you are effectively taking part in the company’s journey for better or worse. Profit or loss.

But is it like gambling?

Many people think investing in the share market is like gambling or making a bet. However, this is categorically wrong and is an assumption, not a fact. 

When buying stocks in the ASX or any market around the world you can create a Shariah-compliant portfolio (a selection of different companies). 

Your portfolio would hopefully be made up of companies that do not invest in speculative high-risk ventures, financial services that deal with interest, or haram sectors like gambling, alcohol, sale of pork, pornography etc.

These basic screening criteria, wipes out a lot of companies from the market for us. 

Companies like Afterpay have gotten a lot of attention in recent times. The share price dropped to $8 a share and rose quickly to $40. Unfortunately, it is not a halal company we would invest in. 

It is also companies like Afterpay that are the first to fall apart in a credit or liquidity crises.

Companies that are not sharia-compliant do exist on the ASX, however, we ultimately make the choice when it comes to halal companies based on sound fundamentals etc. when we invest in the stock market. 

This is the same as walking into Coles and looking at the meat section, skipping the pork area and looking for the Halal label. They sell pork in Coles, doesn’t mean you can’t buy anything from Coles.

If you look at countries which fly the banner of Islam, like U.A.E, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain, they all have stock markets, where it is permissible to buy and own shares. If this was a practice that was not allowed, it wouldn’t see the light of day in these countries and be written off by scholars and experts, like gambling.

What kind of trading is not halal on the share market

Simple. Doing things blindly and doing things mainly on speculation, without research and due diligence.

What does this look like?

  • People speculate to buy and sell stocks frequently, i.e. day trading and short term swing trading based on the intention of making a profit
  • People acting without knowledge of the company and the fear of missing out or the jumping on purely due to the hype surrounding a company

The day to day movements of the stock market are somewhat random, so trying to time the market and make money off the random swings is what creates the misconception that likens shares to a form of gambling. And that’s true because the action of buying and selling shares based on speculation and picking companies that aren’t ethical, is wrong. 

Islamic law views investments made on the stock market as informed commitments to responsible ownership.

Day-trading and short term trading, however, entails no such commitment.

Rather, the purpose is to move in quickly and then to move out just as quickly, taking whatever profits may eventuate.

Most day-trading is accomplished in the space of a few hours, as day-traders speculate on rising prices, hoping to sell before prices drop. And certainly, the intention of day traders is not to commit to responsible ownership. On the contrary, their intention from the outset is to sell.

They monitor the price fluctuations and they sell as soon as they have made what they consider to be acceptable profits.

When this is the intention, then whether they take a few hours, days or weeks to liquidate their positions, they are clearly not committing to responsible ownership; and their actions are clearly contrary to Shari`ah teachings.

On the other hand, someone who buys stock with the intention of committing to responsible ownership, but then for whatever reason is forced to reconsider his/her position, will not be the same as a day trader even if s/he holds the stock for a short time.

So, in this matter, like in so many legal matters, it is the intention that is the dividing line between what is acceptable or not in Islam.

Investing in halal companies by buying their shares, after diligent research, with the intention of owning them over a long period is not Haram.

At Tabarruk, we follow and teach the investment in / ownership of companies for the longer term. We are not short term traders.

How do we decide a company is Halal and what is Shariah compliant investing?

There are a lot of research papers and in-depth commentary on what is halal when it comes to investing, We’re written about the misconceptions around the share market and what aspects of it are not halal.

In this article we go into a little more detail about how we screen for sharia compliance for companies on the Australian Share Market, ASX, before deciding if they are good investment opportunities.

Tabarruk has a partnership with Islamicly, a platform for screening and tracking sharia compliance of stocks.

▪️ 50,000 global users
▪️ Renowned shariah scholars board
▪️ Alerts on compliance changes
▪️ 20+ years of screening experience

Two of the main experts on the Islamicly shariah scholars board are:

Dr. Muhammad Ali El-Gari

▪️ AAOIFI – Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Finance Institutions: Board of Trustees – Member Shariah Standards Committee (Jeddah Member)
▪️ Director, Centre for Research in Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University
▪️ Academic Committee, Islamic Development Bank, Jeddah
▪️ Ph.D in Economics from the University of California, USA
▪️ Also on board for National Commercial Bank (Saudi Arabia), Citi Islamic Investment Bank (Saudi Arabia), Saudi American Bank (UK), Saudi British Bank (UK) and Dow Jones Islamic Index (USA)

Dr. Mohammad Amin Ali Qattan

▪️ Ph.D in Islamic Banking, University of Birmingham, UK
▪️ Shariah matters expert
▪️ Shariah controller for Al-Mal Islamic Investment 
▪️ Researcher in Islamic Economics in the Amiri Diwan
▪️ Author of numerous articles and papers at various seminars globally in Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance

Together with Islamicly, we screen companies based on the following rules detailed below.

Main Rule I – Business Sector, What does the company do?

A company has to operate in a field that is ethical and permissible according to Islamic laws. As a Muslim, one is not allowed to partake in investment or business dealing, that would have a detrimental affect on society. 

The general way we screen companies is to exclude the following industries:

❌  Alcohol
❌  Conventional Financial Services
❌  Gambling
❌  Pork
❌  Pornography
❌  Advertising
❌  Media & Adult entertainment
❌  Gold / Silver trading on deferred basis

Any business that has activities, that could harm people’s health, physical and emotional wellbeing in any manner is also off limits according to Islam. 

Main Rule II – Financial Ratio – 5% Tolerance of total income from non permissible sources

The second condition that has to be adhered to is avoiding Riba a.k.a. Interest. 

Due to this condition, companies that operate in the conventional banking and financial services are off the table for us.

It has to also be noted that in the current day and age, we live in a world surrounded by interest and it is almost impossible to find a company that is 100% interest free.

Recognising this fact of life and the worrying evolution of modern economics, the Islamic scholars and finance experts agree on a common consensus that a companies total non-permissible income (including riba) must not exceed 5% of it’s total income from permissible activities and sources. 

The above two rules are part of our first screening process with every company. The other sub rules are at the bottom of this article.

Halal companies on the ASX vs Global Markets

The US markets make up almost 50% of the world’s markets. The Australian Sharemarket (ASX), is 1.5% of the global markets. A small portion of the ASX is shariah-compliant as of September 2020.

Shariah compliance is not static and correct only for a point in time. Any new announcements, quarterly updates can change the compliance.


Start learning how to grow wealth in a halal & ethical way by unlocking access to 
5 key things:

  1. 📝  Exclusive videos, articles and step-by-step guides on everything you need to know to start investing in the Australian share market / ASX

  2. 🛒  Live folio access (over 25 companies we own shares in, plus 2-3 we buy monthly) and watchlist (companies we’re screening & researching)

  3. 📊  In-depth analysis on each of the sharia compliant companies we own, why we bought the company and what makes it a great investment. That’s 4-6 weeks or over 300 hours per company that Fahd and Moin spend researching

  4. 📩  Email alerts every time we purchase shares in a company, with how many shares we bought and at what price. Alerts also sent when the sharia compliant status of any of the companies changes

  5. 🙋‍♂️  Market updates and priority access to premium zoom workshops with us to ask questions and learn new topics, tips and tricks

Here’s how we’ve performed this year (up until the end of Nov 2020)

BONUS: New members get a referral link to the SelfWealth broker system which gives you 5 free share trades!


🎗️ 10% of all subscriptions donated to charity


Sharia Compliance Sub rules checked periodically

There are a few other technical, financial ratios checked periodically for shariah compliance. There is consensus on these rules by reputed shariah scholars, and we check these at least on a quarterly basis for every company we screen, sometimes more often based on company events and financial information being released.

CASH RATIO

There are compliances with reference to cash holdings a company has.

These are made up of:

1. Accounts Receivables / Market value of Equity (36 month average) < 49 %;

Accounts receivable is measured as a sum of:

  • Total accounts receivables
  • Other non-business/non-trade related receivables
  • Other debit balances
  • Murabaha receivables

2. (Cash + Interest Bearing Securities) / Market value of Equity (36 month average) 33%

Cash + Interest-bearing securities are measured as a sum of:

  • Cash in hand
  • Cash in current accounts
  • Cash deposits
  • Term deposits
  • Short-term interest based securities
  • Marketable securities
  • Short-term investments held for sale/trading
  • Government bonds (if classified as short-term investments)
  • Investments in mutual funds, other equity funds held for sale/trading
  • Islamic / ethical investments are excluded

DEBT RATIO

This compliance is measured as:

Debt / Market Value of Equity (36month average) < 33 %

Debt is measured as:

  • Long-term interest-bearing debt as disclosed by the company’s management
  • Short-term interest-bearing debt as disclosed by the company’s management
  • Current portion of long-term interest-bearing debt as disclosed by the management
  • Interest-bearing short-term liabilities such as overdrafts, bridge loans, etc.

We exclude:

  • Short-term non-interest-bearing operational payables/liabilities such as gratuity payable, creditors for goods and services, provisions, etc.
  • Long-/short-term Islamic debt
  • Long-/short-term non-interest-bearing debt
  • Loans from sovereign bodies which are non-interest based (as given by SIDF)

Tabarruk’s Screening Process and application of Main and Sub Rules

  1. Before any initial investment. we screen for 100% compliance with the above main and sub rules.
  2. Once invested, we periodically screen for compliance.
  3. If any of the main rules fail compliance, we close our entire position at the earliest.
  4. If the company fails the sub rules, we don’t make any further purchases in the company and wait for 12 months from date of failing for it to pass compliance again. If after the time above has elapsed, the company still fails on the sub-rules, we sell the entire position in the company

Average market capitalization of companies used in calculations

The average market capitalization of X over n months is calculated by multiplying the moving average daily closing price of X over n months (must be adjusted for corporate actions) (Pavg) with the total number of shares outstanding for X.

For stocks that have multiple share classes, this is estimated as Pavg/Plast * M, where M is the current market capitalization and Plast is the last closing price of X (for Pavg and Plast, the figures for the main share class are used).

For companies that do not have a sufficiently long price history (e.g., recent IPOs), the figure Pavg is calculated as the moving average daily closing price of X over n days where n is the number of days X has been trading or the number of days that a daily closing price for X has been available.

We check all of the above with our fathers, both Islamic banking experts and also with services that specifically do the research on companies to determine their sharia compliance.

There are times when a company is new or has changed business models, where we carefully go through their reports to work out the adherence to both Rules. This is possible because all Australian companies listed on the ASX publish all their financial reports for the public quarterly and annually.

Technically halal, but ethically a question mark 

Sometimes, we come across companies that satisfy both rules above, look like great opportunities even from a fundamental and technical analysis of their reports and history, but we don’t invest in them. 

The reason is a subjective one, and not as clear cut as Rule I and II. That’s because we know enough to feel that the company in question, and it’s activities don’t line up with what we think is ethical to a large extent.

An example is a defence technology and space research company that generated most of it’s income form that technology being used in weaponry. For war. To cause death. 

Another example could be a mining company that unfairly took land from the native people, or caused excessive harm to the environment by the methods and extent to which they mined the land.

As Muslims, we have to pay extra attention to where the sources of our incomes come from and have to be vigilant in making sure our money is as pure as possible. 

7 best ethical and halal stocks on the ASX from 2019

The 7 best performing ethical and halal stocks from last year (2019) are listed below.

The status of these may change from time to time based on underlying fundamentals.

Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Ltd

$16.06

ASX: CUV

$1.08 billion Mkt Cap
5,438 shareholders

Bio

Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited (CUV) is a global biopharmaceutical company focused on developing delivering treatments for patients with a range of genetic and vascular disorders. CUV’s lead…

Technology One Ltd

$15.83

ASX: TNE

$2.57 billion Mkt Cap
10,837 shareholders

Bio

Technology One Limited (TNE) is a software provider and consultant, servicing government, local government, financial services, health & community services, education, and utilities and managed services…

Appen Ltd

$1.07

ASX: APX

$2.85 billion Mkt Cap
24,842 shareholders

Bio

Appen Limited (APX) is a globally focused company that provides language technology data and services in more than 180 languages and dialects in over 70,000 locations…

Nearmap Ltd

$2.1

ASX: NEA

$1.07 billion Mkt Cap
33,508 shareholders

Bio

Nearmap Ltd (NEA, formerly Ipernica Limited) is a provider of geospatial map technology for business, enterprises and government customers. NEA has worked with small and large…

Fortescue Metals Group Ltd

$21.77

ASX: FMG

$76.45 billion Mkt Cap
70,441 shareholders

Bio

Fortescue Metals Group Ltd (FMG) is an iron ore production and exploration company with assets located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia

Nanosonics Ltd

$4.05

ASX: NAN

$2.17 billion Mkt Cap
19,077 shareholders

Bio

Nanosonics Limited (NAN) is involved in the manufacturing and distribution of the trophon EPR ultrasound probe disinfector and its associated consumables and accessories. It is also…

Volpara Health Technologies Ltd

$0.65

ASX: VHT

$367.72 million Mkt Cap
14,455 shareholders

Bio

Volpara Health Technologies Limited (VHT) is a MedTech SaaS company and is a provider of breast imaging analytics and analysis products that improve clinical decision-making and…

Where did the middle class go?

Let’s delve into one of the least spoken about threats to society, which in my opinion has the most significant impact — the wealth and income inequality, which in simpler terms means: the rich are getting richer, and the poor are already poorer and a middle class that is shrinking at an alarming pace.

The next 10 years

The next ten years are not going to be like the decade before it. We’re in for a very rough ride and the question we need to answer is this. “In the next ten years are we going to be richer or poorer?”

Around the world, the working class is pissed off. How else do you see a world stage where Brexit happened, and Trump is the president of the United States of America. People are tired of what’s happening around the globe economically, and the result of it is the modern political, economic and social landscape we have today.

While reading ahead, keep two questions in mind;

  1. Why are the rich are getting richer and how?
  2. In the next ten years, will we be more productive or more miserable?

I hinted earlier that in the next ten years, we are going to be faced with challenges the likes of which we have yet to see. Physics tells us that every reaction has an equal and opposite reaction, and similarly the next 10 years will unearth opportunities of a scale and quality not seen before.

Have you ever wondered why the middle class in today’s day and age keep shrinking? Where have they gone? 

Having thought about this a lot, I have concluded it’s because the economy and the world today is entirely different. What worked in the past doesn’t apply to the current day and age.

In the past, going to school, getting a job, saving money, buying a house, best set one up for success. This was a tried and tested formula that worked, yet this same formula applied today is why the middle class is disappearing because we live in a completely different socio-economic landscape.

Look beyond the classes

Let’s stop looking at things from a poor and middle-class point of view because in my opinion, we are following obsolete advice and it was the main reason it took me forever to achieve any forward momentum in life. I want to share with you how to see things from the rich standpoint.

Since the beginning of 2000, we have faced three major financial crashes. There was the infamous dot-com crash in 2000, followed by the real estate crash in 2005 and then came the banking and stock market crash in 2008.

These crashes had real repercussions and wiped out millions of people’s life. To add salt to injury the federal reserve bank started to print money, the biggest money printing spree in history which saw the interest rate drop to below zero.

How did this affect all the people who were saving money? Their money is being eaten up by inflation. 

To this day some people still put their money in the bank, trying to earn interest while inflation is far greater than what the bank is going ever to offer them. I cannot fathom why; do they not realize the pittance they are getting, and you are still saving money and chasing after the bonus interest rates they may be getting.

We detail the exact way that ‘saving money’ actually costs you more in a separate article.

As a Muslim, I don’t believe in making money via interest, but I want to ask the general public, what the heck are we doing? 

For people who are still saving money, I want to be brutally honest with you. You may disagree with me but I’m going to share it with you regardless. In today’s day and age, you cannot save your way into safety, security and wealth anymore.

We have way more educated people today than say, ten years ago. If that is the case have you ever wondered why we see a shrinking middle class? This is a problem, and I want everyone who has earned a degree, masters, bachelors or are still in college to think about today because we’re all in genuine trouble.

Were comfortable in our jobs and knowledge, ignorant about financial matters and this is our biggest downfall because we do not try and see a different perspective. 

I was one of those comfortable people, and till I lost my job, I didn’t understand how blind I was.

I went to a 9-5 job. 

I was earning a very comfortable salary, and I was paying tax. 

I owned the house I was living in and had money set aside in savings and was investing regularly. 

It wasn’t until I lost my job and had no income coming in that I realized how quickly money leaves your pocket.

97% of all university graduates including me, don’t know much about taxes. 

We don’t know how to pay fewer taxes to make the maximum benefit out of them. We have no idea and are afraid of tax. We don’t even realize the incentives that we may have available for us. 

There is a real need for workshops on how to use taxes to our benefits and if any of you out there know something about this feel free to reach out to us.

One of the most significant problems I had after finishing my bachelor’s and masters was how my education made me a little arrogant and cocky while being ignorant of the foundations of financial basics. 

I didn’t even know where to get started and what questions to ask. I was a highly educated poor person, who cared about what I knew and not about what I didn’t know.

I learned the hard way that the sign of good intelligence was asking the right questions. The reason I believe the middle class is going to disappear is that they went to school and got educated and learned nothing about money. 

That would be all bad news, but on the bright side if you were proactive and fill the gaps in your knowledge you will come out of it as a better person always. 

You will know the right questions to ask and what you might be able to do, to better your situation rather than sit there and rest on your Higher Education laurels.

The problem with individuals who have Bachelors, Masters, and Ph.D. is that they believe that they are going to be successful purely because of their education.

While I am not taking away from them the credit for the work done to achieve that, depending on a piece of paper alone to achieve financial success is tantamount to suicide.

How money affects you

We’re here today because I lost everything

My journey with finance started around ten years ago. It’s something I struggled to share with others for quite a while. 

It’s because I lost everything. 

Every dollar I had saved, I lost by trusting the wrong person. 

This incident in my life made me realize how much I didn’t know about finance. How I was living blindly.  I now think it’s surprising I didn’t experience a catastrophe earlier.

After this incident, I decided to educate myself and sought out a finance course, and it changed my life. 

Moin and I both have a lot in common. one of these things is that we went to good schools, grew up in loving middle-income families, and our parents provided us with the best of what they could afford.

This made my loss more jarring in a way and shook me to my core.

However, for all that, I am now thankful and look on it as a catalyst for learning and growth. Before that, I’d never learned about the basics of finances. 

Dummies for Finance, Finance for Dummies 

It’s kind of funny that being a dummy and losing all my finances led me to pick up a book perfectly titled “Finance for Dummies”

I was a sponge and absorbed the knowledge hungrily as I was going through this journey. I realized that I was looking up to the wrong type of people. 

I got fooled by what I now call proactive marketing. 

The people I looked up to may have had nice cars and lived in rich suburbs, but they were struggling financially. 

They had made a bunch of financial mistakes in their lives, and it held them back. Not only did these mistakes hold them back, but it slowed them down too.

What this epiphany did to me was make me realize that even though something may look great from the outside, you never know what’s happening behind anyone’s closed doors. People go to extremes to hide their struggles from the world. I put this down to the fear of being stigmatized. 

If someone had just shared a few basic things on finance with people like this, or with me before my incident, it would have dramatically changed our trajectory.

Finance only cares about one thing 

It’s a big reason behind why we started tabarruk, we want everyone to have a source to learn something the easy way, instead of the hard way like me and being forced to by circumstances, so if you learn something here, and like it, we encourage you to share and ask other’s to join us.

The great thing about finances is that it doesn’t matter how bad your situation is, you can always improve it. 

What matters is being brave and proactive. Finance doesn’t care how old or young you are, or how rich or poor you are.

All that finance cares, is that you are doing the right thing. 

It all starts with you putting a plan in place, and you will be able to see specific, measurable accomplishments like paying off your credit card, your loans. 

Having money in the account to pay your bills and then some can make you realize the potential it has in changing your life.

You control your finances, not the other way around

Having a positive control of your finances will change your life. If you’re in a relationship, it can be a breakthrough in your marriage or partnership with your significant other. You will find out that you’re no longer fighting about money and that you both are cooperating towards a common goal.

When I started managing my money, more and more people began to notice a difference in my demeanour. 

I was calmer and carried myself better, and after a little time had passed since my financial disaster, I was secure in the knowing of what was coming into my pocket and what was going out of it. 

I was not blindly throwing money at my bills and debts without a consolidated plan.

Being organized with my money brought a lot of unintended positive changes in my life. 

My relationship with my family dramatically improved; I was a better son, a better brother. And because my money was working for me, instead of against me, I was less stressed.

The three main ways in which money affects our lives are:

  • Relationships
  • Work
  • Lifestyle

The most prominent struggle people face when coming up with a course of action is not having an idea of how they should live? Or how much money they need? Or if what they have is enough. I can assure you one constant thing is will be is, it will never be enough.

Let’s look back 5 years. You were probably earning half of what you’re making today. If your income has increased, how is it that you still feel you’re struggling? 

I cannot stress how important it is to have a plan in place to manage money. If you have a roadmap you will know what impact it has on our lives to stay on top of it.

At the end of this article, I want you to take action. I challenge you to use what you learn and give us feedback if it helped. 

The purpose of this article is to inspire people to take that step to get free and be able to pursue their dreams.

We weren’t created to work, pay bills and die.

Let me share with you some facts. 

The average household has 

  • a credit card debt of $16,000, 
  • a car loan of $28,000, 
  • mortgages of $172,000 

These financial burdens have genuine physical manifestations in our lives.

They come out in the form of stress, migraines, depression, fear, worry, anxiety and these symptoms which consume people are the main reason I’m so passionate about teaching people the path to financial freedom. 

A little bit of education goes a long way in making a positive change in someone’s life.

I advise you not to go out looking for more statistics because it is depressing. What’s that? You like statistics?

Ok, then. 

82% of the world lives paycheck to paycheck, and that’s people with jobs. That’s an astounding number because this means 2.4 billion people around the world are just getting by, and that’s scary because that means most people don’t have enough savings.

These people are pretty much surviving; they don’t have a good plan, they don’t have much in the way of financial advice and are overwhelmed by their situation that when an emergency happens, they default on their payments.

The first to default is their credit cards, and because they don’t have means to pay it off, it adds to their problems. 

Disclaimer: I put my hand up and say that my Master of Science in banking and finance didn’t teach me anything about real-world issues. My parents and my failures in life taught me more than that piece of paper. All that my masters did was provide me with a false sense of superiority, which all came crumbling down when I hit rock bottom.

I want you to know that just because I have a plan doesn’t mean that I don’t have challenges, life is, after all, unpredictable. 

I am the provider for my family now. Last month my younger brother needed a new pair of glasses, and my younger sister needed $1000 for her course.

Life is always going to be challenging that being said if you’re prepared for it, you can hunker down during these situations, and it’s not going to knock you down and dictate your life.

Money is not the most essential thing in life; however, it is not something we can ignore. It affects our relationships, work, and lifestyle.

Relationship to money, money to relationships?

Your relationship with your partner or family may be your cornerstone in life and you would be surprised how understanding and learning to do ‘money’ better will improve your bond. 

Your communication with your partner may not be the best when it comes to money, could be because you have a different background, have different likes and dislikes and think differently. It’s heavy to talk about sometimes and even heavier to admit to another that things aren’t the best and that help is needed.

A simple strategy can help. At the beginning of every month before you spend anything, agree on a budget with your partner and decide on where the money is going to go. 

For this to succeed you need to make it safe to communicate objectively, open dialogue about all the money coming in and money going out.

By being transparent with each other, it will teach you to work as a team, when to say no and when you can splurge or reward yourselves. 

You have opportunities to set things up in advance. Having a budget will hold you accountable as a team to say no when the circumstances are not right.

If you’re single, your whole social life is dictated by money. Going for movies, coffee and your biggest struggle will probably be finding a balance between your social life and having a plan. 

Have a budget means setting aside a small amount for yourself and this will allow you to go out for a meal, coffee and when you do that knowing exactly how much you can spend you will be able not to spend money frivolously.

Your social life has to adjust to your priorities in life. 

Sometimes you have to tell your friends that your making a stand to be financially healthy. As a result, your closest friends will begin to notice changes, and you may influence them to make some positive choices in their own lives to nudge them on the right path.

Money affects every relationship you have, and it is imperative to understand this, which allows you to improve and have better relationships.

Work, work, work

The second part of our lives money effects is work. I mentioned earlier that 82% of people around the globe are living paycheck to paycheck. The sad thing is out of 82%, more than half of them would have quit their jobs if money was not an issue for them. 

They don’t like their jobs, and they are sticking out merely to pay their bills.

Money can keep you captive in a place you’re not content with, a position or career you’re not happy with sucking the lives out of you. 

So, loving your job is what you want, and if you’re not, you need to plan your finance so you can transition your life into something else.

Lifestyle is a choice

The third and last area that money affects is your lifestyle. Most people are too busy looking around and comparing their lives to other people’s lifestyles; it is human nature. 

So how do you determine what is the right lifestyle for you?

How do you decide where you live, what car you drive, the clothes you wear and what you do? 

How do you know whether that’s right for you? 

You would be surprised by the number of clues you have in deciding what lifestyle to choose; I think everybody knows what they need to be happy but chase after the wants to fulfil a false narrative in their minds.

Most people never struggle to live a lifestyle that’s double their income. 

However, ask someone to live with half of what they make, and you will see people fail to accomplish this.

Overspending is a trap I see many people getting snared by; How do I know? 

I know because I fell face-first into it myself.

It’s not as if people are earning $500 and spending $1000. It’s more like people are paying an extra $2 for every $50 they make. 

Over time, if you’re paying the extra 1000 dollars every year, you’re not feeling it at first, and you’re enjoying the lifestyle that is slightly beyond your means.

However, one day you might lose your job, or maybe there was an emergency and all of a sudden you feel the weight of some of those decisions you felt before. 

Some studies show having a little bit of money in savings, brings a lot of peace, contentment, and enjoyment to your life.

Hopefully, this article showed you how money affects you, and that money doesn’t take the place of fulfilment or happiness in your life. 

It’s a tool that helps you experience life positively.

Remember it affects your relationship, your work, and your lifestyle. So, getting money right is essential, and I hope you join us on this journey because we want us all to walk together for a long time and experience success together.

Learn all you can and share with those you care about to influence them positively. 

Read books and grow your mind and never stop learning.

However, remember that knowledge is not power on its own. Implementation of the knowledge, now that is power.

Thinking like an investor Series: Part 2 – Core Fundamentals

Hope you enjoyed Part 1 of the Series.

In today’s article, I plan to share with you the three core fundamentals all investors need to familiarise themselves with. They are:

  • Rationality
  • Optimization
  • Marginal Analysis

The stock market and the investment landscape are a complex paradigm to navigate. You can simplify this task for yourself by understanding, humans are fundamentally rational in their behaviour. People will choose strategically in order to gain an advantage rather than act randomly, investors and traders in this regard act no differently.

To first fundamental is Rationality, which is to think rationally, for those who are new, let me share with you an easy to follow blue print.

Step 1 – Clarify and understand the objective

Step 2 – Consider alternative steps to achieve the objective

Step 3 – Analyse the pros and cons from each of the options

Step 4 – Select the best option and implement your decision

In today’s day and age where demand is outstretching supply and scarcity being a prevalent factor, identifying alternative is all about understanding and valuing the opportunity costs.

As an investor you should and will always choose the option with the highest net payoff; to do so otherwise would be irrational. This is what separates seasoned investors from emotional investors.

Regardless of whether the market goes up or down, investors understand that rationality works in two ways. Firstly, it helps us predict. Secondly, it gives us a way to evaluate and draw conclusions about values. The concept of strategic decision making and rationality as both an objective for and a description of human behaviour is fundamental to investors.

The second fundamental I want you to understand and familiarize your self with is Optimization in the equimarginal principle This is just another fancy way of saying “figuring out the best attainable allocation given a set of constraints”.

Let’s say you the reader and 10 other individuals were to participate in a survival contest in which I created. In the contest I drive you deep into the outback, with nothing but the clothes you have on your back. Upon reaching the destination, I hand you ten stamps that you get to exchange for either food or shelter for a period of 3 months.

If you think like an investor, you’re going to realize that survival is not about either food or shelter; it’s about the combination of the two. Not only that you’re going to understand the best combination to the conundrum your facing is the best balance between food and shelter that will make the marginal value of each of them equal; hence the name “equimarginal principle”. Hoarding food while freezing to death is not a good strategy, while having a safe shelter and starving to death is not a sensible either.

Now we are going to dwell into the third and final fundamental which I put a lot of emphasis on, marginal analysis. As an investor I always look carefully at sequences of small changes made on the margin. This is because most of the choices made in the financial landscape consists of different businesses fighting to achieve favourable trade-offs.

Let’s say we woke up tomorrow and found out that the prices of food have tripled, how would that affect our consumption? As the marginal value changes, more of something makes the marginal value fall; less of something makes the marginal value rise. With the cost of food being high, people will find that binge eating and going out to eat with friends often might not be worth it and eating in moderation and going out for only special occasions sounds sensible. Thinking like an investor we will reject claims that a change in price is going to make things stop altogether. We understand that people adjust on the margin until the value of their grocery and eating out reflects the new, higher costs of food.

When you start applying the three core fundamentals in tandem with the 5 principles checklist, you begin to realise that you are now starting to think like an investor. Some would even argue with you and say that your thinking like an economist instead.

What the core fundamentals and 5 principles checklist does is make you aware of the incentive’s businesses face and, perhaps more importantly, the incentives those around you face. It means anticipating what’s strategically rational for businesses, and how that will affect your everyday life. As an investor you start focusing on the margin, on trade-offs businesses make, and the consequent adjustments they make to find the optimal balance.

You will realise that the two questions any organisation always face is:

  • How much?
  • Of which?

Think like an Investor Series: Part 1 – Critical Analysis Checklist

The purpose of the following series is to help our subscribers view the world in a unique and develop a rational mindset. A rational mindset is the best ally to an investor, as investing in emotions sometimes cripples the mind. Understanding the world around you and thinking rationally enables you to improve your day-to-day decision making.

When I was new to investing, people would always tell me to think rationally and look at the world as an investor and I did not know where to start from. It’s easier said than done and especially harder when people are not willing to divulge their secrets.

In today’s article, I’m going to introduce you to a checklist. 

An important lesson I learnt from my Military career, was to always carry a pen and notebook on me at all times.

In the back of the notebook, I have written 5 Principles, that are manifested in virtually all human endeavours, from personal choices to global policies.

What this does, it provides me with the tools to focus and narrow my scrutiny to examine any decision, yours or someone else’s, in terms of incentives, seeing the world as a system with limited resources, and seeing all human interactions as interconnected and beyond careful control.

I apply the checklist to look at situations as diverse as the rise of Nationalism to purchasing detergent from Coles. 

I want to show you a unique way to navigate the world of information asymmetry, found, among other places, in retail shopping, job searches, and political campaigns. 

We then scope 2 factors in the impact of timing, the value of money, and psychology. This will all help you with investing.

Let’s get straight to the 5 principles:

Principle 1: Everyone responds to incentives

Principle 2: There is no such thing as a freebie

Principle 3: There are always two sides to a viewpoint

Principle 4: The law of unintended consequences

Principle 5: No one is ever in complete control

Principle number 1: Everyone responds to incentives

Everybody responds to incentives, it’s a universal factor. From the dark ages to modern times, people will always do more of something if they are rewarded. If an action is disciplined, they’ll do less of it.

When I was in university and scraping the floor for money, there used to be a Malaysian shop I always went to, for lunch. The lunch cost 6 dollars and was nothing fancy and very basic, however, I kept returning to the place due to a tactic they used. If you were a university student you got a card, in which they put a stamp every time you had lunch and once you got 10 stamps, you had a free meal.

Only much later did I realise that every free meal cost me 60 dollars. Still in the mind of a university student who was scraping by it seemed like a great deal. The same opposite principle applies to cigarettes. If you tax cigarettes more, people will smoke less.

Principle number 2: There is no such thing as a freebie

Nothing in this world is free, everything has a price. An investor looks at the world and sees a grand circus playing out. In this circus they see the wants competing with the limited resources in hand, every investor understands that at any given time there is always going to be a scarcity.

Any use of time or limited resources for one purpose is an opportunity forever gone to use them for another. More of anything always means less of something else, and it’s that option that you had to give up that investors call opportunity cost.

Opportunity cost is the value of the next-best-thing that must be given up when time or resources are devoted to one use. It is what is forgone.

Principle number 3: There are always two sides to a viewpoint

As an investor, I said earlier it is important to be rational and not emotional. To any given matter, you need to know what the viewpoints are. People might say a particular opportunity is great and some might say it’s a smoking gun.

As an investor, it is your responsibility to understand the core principles driving both sides of the spectrum, to critically analyse the facts and come to a rational conclusion using your independent mind.

Principle number 4: The law of unanticipated consequences

For those familiar with Chaos theory, this concept is referred to as the butterfly effect. In chaos theory, hypothetically, a butterfly on one side of the world can flap ap its wings and, through a chain of causation that’s totally unpredictable, cause a hurricane on the opposite side of the world.

An investor understands that nothing ever happens in a bubble; a change in one part of the economic landscape is bound to have foreseen and unforeseen ripple effects in far-removed places. 

I will use an e.g. from an interesting article I was reading when researching Silver. During the Islamic Revolution, the dental cost in Iran went up. Now, this seems like a strange coincidence.

The article went on to explain that when the revolutionaries took over the U.S. embassy in Tehran. There was a real fear that the United States might go to war in the Middle East, which could result in the disruption of the international financial markets. This led to many investors protecting their assets by buying gold and silver as a hedge against this uncertainty, which impacted the costs of dental because they use silver in their fillings and the cost of silver had gone up.

Every investor understands that they are often impacted by things they cannot anticipate or control and always have a contingency in place.

Principle number 5: No one is in complete control.

As an investor, you have to accept the fact that you can never be, in complete control. If you apply an incentive to some subset of 6 billion complexly interrelated people, whose interactions are totally unforeseeable and have unintended consequences, and then predict the final result, that would be monumental. To go further and try to control that outcome would be utterly impossible.

What I hope you take away from reading this article is that investors look to the incentives facing decision-makers to predict, explain, or prescribe their choices and the behaviour of the market.

They also realise that nothing is truly free and there is always a cost in terms of opportunities forgone, even if it is not in the traditional terms of money

New to investing? Rewire your mind

In today’s article, we talk about simple steps you can take to achieving financial freedom. 

Let’s start with what a liability and an asset is. 

Boring economic terms? 

Perhaps, but it’s a very important concept to understand as this knowledge is what separates the rich from the poor. The rich have an innate understanding of what liabilities and assets are.

So, let’s get straight into it, a not so boring explanation that is easy to understand:

A liability is something that takes money out of your pocket.

An asset is something that puts money into your pocket. 

Told you it was simple!

A House is a Asset Liability

Many people say having a home is an asset, but in truth, it’s a liability. I know that many of you might disagree with this viewpoint but let’s look at it with a simplified lens.

I ask “Is the house you live in putting money in your pocket or taking it out?”. 

With my house, the money is going out of my pocket as I am paying a mortgage. 

Many people live paycheck to paycheck and that’s because they buy a lot of stuff.

Today, I see many people buying a house because they consider it to be an asset. 

A house may grow in it’s ‘worth’ but I only consider a house to be an asset when you rent it out and have a surplus after making your mortgage repayments on it. 

For example, my mortgage is $1,430 per month. 

The monthly rental yield I can get from my property is $1,600 per month. 

If I were to rent my house out, I would make a net profit of $170, however, I am not. 

Therefore, I consider my house to be a liability. Glad you agree 🙂

What’s an Asset then?

So by our definition above, then, what is an asset? 

I consider dividend-paying stocks, businesses, rental properties and education to be an asset. Non dividend-paying stocks become an asset when they grow in value and you sell them for a profit.

Especially with education, if you were to learn something and apply it – it is an asset. 

I read an interesting opinion piece that stated Warren Buffet used to buy pin bowl machines which he put in barbershops, movies and other outdoor areas. This generated income for him without him having to be physically there. Over the years he invested the money he earned in more different machines, which he installed in many different locations, and this earnt him more money and this is how he got started.

The biggest reason people fear to invest money in assets is that assets could lose money. 

However, I find it surprising how no one ever stops and thinks about how: after purchasing a brand-new car from a dealership, your car’s is worth 20% less the minute you drive it away. 

Whereas with an asset like education, when you learn something that makes you money, you take that learning and repeat it to make more money. When you lose money from something you learn and apply, it’s still an asset because you hopefully won’t repeat that mistake.

Assets pay for Liabilities

Here’s another concept that underpins financial freedom:

Building an asset is the best way to pay for liabilities

Talking to many successful business people, I find that they always focus on building assets to make more money – in order to invest in additional income generating streams.

I also found out that when they do purchase liabilities, they have a minimum of two or three assets to pay it off.

I hear people asking each other “How much money do you make?”. This is the wrong question to start the premises of judging someone’s financial success. 

It’s not how much you make, its how much you keep

What you should ask is “How much money do you keep?”

Let me use a scenario to help you (and you can come to your own conclusion at the end of it). 

In the outer suburbs of Melbourne, live two young men, Alex and Ahmed. 

Alex makes 1 million AUD a year and Ahmed only makes 35,000 AUD a year. 

Alex spends 990,000 AUD a year. Ahmed spends only 15,000 AUD. 

After 12 months, Alex has a bank balance of 10,000 AUD. Ahmed has 20,000 AUD in the bank. 

Who is better off? Hopefully, your answer is Ahmed 🙂

I want you to rewire your mindset and realise how much money you keep is more important than how much you make

This is because the money you make leaves your pocket at the end of the day. 

If you are not in control of the funds you keep, you will never grow wealth and be in control of your financial freedom.

In the scenario above, Alex seems to be doing very well however he is living paycheck to paycheck. From the outside it may look dandy – he might have assets liabilities like boats and cars! 🙂

That means Alex over the years must keep working in order to maintain his repayments. 

The point I’m trying to drive home is that what you keep from your income is what matters. If you can increase what you keep, you can use it to work towards building an asset that over time will pay for your liabilities and you don’t have to rely on a job. Assets are the true way you can get ahead and on your way to financial freedom.

A common mistake

A mistake I made when I first started investing was that I was asking the wrong people for advice. 

A carpenter would know a lot about carving and sculpting wooden furniture. 

However, if you were to ask him what’s the best marble to sculpt a sculpture – you are asking the wrong person for advice. 

Similarly, if you’re looking to invest, you should ask the right people how to do that. They would be able to correct you if you are asking the wrong questions. 

As human beings we tend to gravitate towards the people we are comfortable with and therefore end up asking the ‘wrong’ people for advice. We ask our friends and family for opinions on matters that they are probably not subject matter experts in.

You are the average of your closest friends. For that reason, if you want to become better in life and push yourself forward, you must surround yourself with people who are successful or have the same mindset as you and are striving to make their vision a reality.

3 Rules to start

Another thing you may have realised is that assets almost always appreciate over time and liabilities depreciate over time.

You want to start searching for assets that appreciate over time and have a clear understanding of what liabilities are. 

The rich get richer by investing their money in assets, which generate the funds for them to invest in more assets.

Let me give you 3 rules you can use right now to start your investment journey and life in general:

  • Rule 1: Think Assets
  • Rule 2: Invest in Assets
  • Rule 3: Repeat

This is so important because most of the people we surround ourselves with, are always talking about liabilities. 

Think about it – most people are always talking about the newest car, the newest iPhone, or the latest trend etc. 

If they are always interested in talking about liabilities, you will also be naturally interested in buying liabilities.

Now if you were to surround yourself with people who care about financial freedom, are chasing their dreams, and who pay a lot of attention to their investment (in order to build businesses), are looking for opportunities that operate themselves – you surround yourself with the right friends who are either doing it themselves or facing the same struggles as you would be.

These friends will push you forward through hard times, however, when you have friends that care about liabilities and talk about liabilities every day, you will not be able to move forward with them when you talk about applying the hard yards.

People say a rolling stone does not gather moss. In my mind – a stationary stone generates no momentum and I have no interest in gathering moss. To move forward in life, you must generate momentum. If a shark was to stay still it will die. It must keep moving forward and as a human being, you have to keep moving forward.

You must surround yourself with friends who want better in life and want the same life goals as you. It is because they are willing to go through the struggles to achieve a goal and they are willing to make sacrifices to get there.

So from this point onwards, I want you to always to think anything in life in terms of assets and liability and apply the three simple rules to build wealth. 

Is money coming into your pocket or is the money going out of your pocket?

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